Pleasure Cruising: The Galloway-Stone Expedition

Pleasure Cruising: The Galloway-Stone Expedition

The outdoor recreation industry in Utah is worth billions of dollars.  But getting out into nature for simple pleasure – and paying someone to guide you – is a relatively modern concept. Learn about a river trip taken in 1909 that forecast the growth of Utah’s river recreation economy.

In September 1909, Julius Stone, a financier from Ohio, hired Utah adventurer Nathaniel Galloway to take him on a boat trip down the Green and Colorado Rivers. This is a time when navigating the steep and isolated canyons of Western rivers was an arduous necessity for scientists and geographers. But Stone and Galloway’s river trip was the first taken for the simple pleasure of boating and signaled an emerging interest in the idea of experiencing remote landscapes just for fun.

Inspired by the journeys taken by John Wesley Powell down these same rivers, Stone was passionate about the rugged outdoors. Galloway was a prospector and trapper from Vernal, Utah known for his experience on the Yampa and Green Rivers. Galloway guided the trip and Stone funded it, including the construction of boats built to Galloway’s new design. These flat-bottomed boats were rowed facing forward, so the oarsman had better control of the vessel and could see – and maneuver through – potential obstacles. Previous boat designs had oarsmen rowing with their backs downstream, resulting in frequent flips.

Galloway, Stone, and a small group of men set off in four boats from Green River, Wyoming. Although the trip was taken for leisure, it was not without trials. The men were relatively inexperienced and had to portage their boats and cargo around unmanageable rapids. Only Galloway effectively navigated the rushing waters, rowing into the current rather than trying to overpower it. Still, the men were awestruck by their impressive surroundings and devoted themselves to enjoying the beauty and magnificence of the river. Cutting through canyons, catching fish, and exploring remote scenery left a lasting impression on the group.

The Galloway-Stone Expedition ended five weeks later in Needles, California. The pleasure trip foreshadowed the popularity that river running would enjoy in the twentieth century, and the impact it would have on Utah’s economy. Tourists with money paid to appreciate the natural beauty of rivers. By the late 1920s commercially-operated tours were operating out of Vernal – and Galloway’s boat design was the preferred choice for river guides well into the 1950s.

By Mikee Ferran for Utah Humanities © 2021

Image: Than Galloway in a boat through Harp Falls in the Canyon of Lodore, Green River, 1909. Galloway's new forward-facing boat design allowed the boatman to see what was coming, a design that dominated river running until inflatable rafts came on the scene after World War II. Galloway in a Boat through Harp Falls in the Canyon of Lodore, image courtesy of Marriott Library.

_______________

See Outdoor Industry Association Utah Report; Barry Swackhamer, “Julius Stone,” Historical Marker Database, accessed May 2021; Barry Swackhamer, “Nathaniel Galloway - 1890's,” Historical Marker Database, accessed May 2021; Brook Sutton, “Whitewater Pioneer Nathaniel Galloway,” Adventure Journal, last modified June 18, 2015; “Galloway Stone Expedition," National Park Service, accessed May 2021; “Go through Grand Canyon in Canoe,” Salt Lake Herald-Republican, July 2, 1910; Rafting America. “​Early History of Commercial River Running and White Water Rafting," accessed May 2021; “Through the Grand Canyon,” Vernal Express, September 3, 1909; “Travels through Perils of Death,” Ogden Morning Examiner, January 2, 1910; “Voyage through Grand Canyon of the Colorado,” Vernal Express, August 13, 1909. 

The Beehive Archive is a production of Utah Humanities. Find sources and the whole collection of past episodes at www.utahhumanities.org/stories.